大具纳西语的形修名语序

Adjective-Noun Word Order in Daju Naxi

和智利 · In Daju Naxi language, the adjectives modifying the head nouns can be either preposited or postposited to the head nouns. This paper analyzes the word order of the adjective-noun and noun-adjective compound words as well as the adjective-noun and noun-adjective phrases, compares the different word orders of these compounds and phrases, and discusses the motivations of the difference in word orders., 2017

摘要 · Abstract

This paper examines word order in the adjective-modifying-noun construction in Daju Naxi, a western, Lijiang-area subdialect. Based on tests combining 406 common nouns with 78 adjectives, the author finds that Naxi allows both noun+adjective and adjective+noun orders in both compounds and phrases, with the postposed, noun+adjective order dominant overall (75% of compounds, 49% of phrases) -- unlike most other Tibeto-Burman languages, which strongly favor a single, fixed noun+adjective compound order. The study identifies five factors governing which order appears: the adjective's semantic class, whether the noun head is simplex or compound (which conditions the particle 'de'), tightness of semantic combination, location of the semantic center, and syllable rhythm. The author argues that preposed-adjective forms, especially the marked 'adjective+de+noun' phrase, are later, Chinese-contact-influenced developments layered onto an inherited Tibeto-Burman pattern.

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