Verb Reduplication in the Daju Dialect of Naxi: Formal Configurations, Semantic Features, and Grammatical Functions
This paper investigates verb reduplication in the Daju vernacular of the western (Lijiang Basin) dialect of Naxi, based on 2019 fieldwork testing 655 common verbs, of which 632 (96.5%) can be reduplicated. Following Rubino's (2008) typological framework, the author identifies three types comprising 23 formal patterns: full reduplication (whole, partial, paired), transformed reduplication (tone-change, length-adding, and combined tone-change-plus-length-adding), and indirect reduplication (particle-insertion types). Semantically these forms express continuation, interaction, repetition, and intensification of an action, short duration or randomness, and speaker dissatisfaction, with plurality-of-action meaning predominating, placing Daju Naxi among Dai Zongjie's "plurality-meaning-predominant" Sino-Tibetan languages. Syntactically, reduplicated verbs differ from base verbs in six respects, including restrictions on serving as predicates, negation, and imperative formation, and the study situates Naxi's reciprocal-marking reduplication as a feature shared with the Qiang branch.
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